波浪载荷导致黄河口潮坪沉积物垂向运移现场观测研究

2005年8月7~8日,现代黄河三角洲刁口地区经历了一次由台风"麦莎"引起的风暴潮过程。通过对比分析风暴潮前后受保护潮坪滩面沉积物的粒度特征变化情况,发现了风暴潮期间在强烈的波浪载荷导致的渗流作用下,粉质土海床出现了极细粉粒由下向上运移并输出滩面的现象。结合现场试验期间采集到的孔隙水压力监测数据,本文基于海床动力响应的观点分析了其成因机制。     

流体饱和下高孔隙率储油砂岩力学特性及本构模型

通过对其力学实验结果的分析,以两种破坏理论对油及水饱和下大孔隙率储油砂岩的破坏特征进行了解释,并应用塑性力学的盖帽模型建立了油及水饱和下大孔隙率储油砂岩的本构模型,并应用非线性有限元法进行了数值试验,结果表明,该文提出的模型与实验资料吻合良好,且能较好地模拟大孔隙率砂岩的几种破坏机理及模拟注水采油引起的砂岩附加沉降.     

Dispersion in consolidated sandstone with radial flow

This paper presents some experimental and theoretical results for dispersion processes occurring in consolidated Berea sandstone with radial flow geometry. A comprehensive review of the derivation and application of several analytical solutions is also presented. The Galerkin finite element method is applied to solve the advection-dispersion equation for unidimensional radial flow.Individual and combined effects of mechanical dispersion and molecular diffusion are examined using velocity-dependent dispersion models. Comparison of simulated results with experimental data is made. The effect of flow rates is examined. The results suggest that a linear dispersion model,D=u, whereD is the dispersion coefficient,u the velocity and a constant, is not a good approximation despite its wide acceptance in the literature. The most suitable mathematical formulation is given by an empirical form of , whereD _ois the molecular diffusion coefficient. For the range of Péclet number (Pe=vd/D _m,wherev is the characteristic velocity,d the characteristic length andD _mthe molecular diffusion coefficient in porous media) examined (Pe=0.5 to 285), a power constant ofm=1.2 is obtained which agrees with the value reported by some other workers for the same regime.     

生物活动对海床沉积物工程地质特征改造研究

底栖穴居动物是河口潮滩生态系统的重要组成部分,它对沉积物的二次改造作用非常重要。本文以黄河三角洲钓 口区潮滩为研究对象,研究了不同生物密度对沉积物工程地质特征的改造,包括滩面形态、沉积物强度、以及沉积物颗粒大小 的改变。在此基础上探讨了生物活动与滩面凹坑,沉积物强度非均匀性以及研究区浮泥之间的关系。     

Uranium recovery from Uro area phosphate ore,Nuba Mountains,Sudan

This study was carried out in a laboratory scale to recover uranium from Uro area phosphate ore in the eastern part of Nuba Mountains in Sudan. Phosphate ore samples were collected, and analyzed for uranium abundance. The results showed that the samples contain a significant concentration of uranium with an average of 310.3 μg/g, which is 2.6 times higher than the world average of phosphate. The green phosphoric acid obtained from the samples was found to contain uranium in the range of 186–2049 μg/g, with an average of 603.3 μg/g, and about 98% of uranium content of the phosphate ore was rendered soluble in the phosphoric acid. An extraction process using 25% tributylphosphate, followed by stripping process using 0.5 M sodium carbonate reported that more than 98% of uranium in the green phosphoric acid exists as uranyl tricarbonate complex, moreover, sodic decomposition using 50% sodium hydroxide showed that about 98% of the uranium was precipitated as sodium diuranate concentrate that is known as the yellow cake (Na₂U₂O₇). Further purification and calcinations of the yellow cake led to the formation of the orange powder of uranium trioxide (UO₃). The chemical analysis of the obtained uranium concentrates; yellow cake and uranium trioxide proved their nuclear purity and that they meet the standard commercial specification. The obtained results proved that uranium from Uro phosphate ore was successfully recovered as uranium trioxide with an overall recovery percentage of 93%.     

重庆涪陵五中滑坡特征及成因分析

重庆涪陵五中滑坡（130×104m3）发生于2008年1月3日,该滑坡位于涪陵五中西南的迎宾大道内侧,属单斜顺层岩质滑坡。通过详细的现场调查和室内资料分析后认为：中倾坡外的顺层结构、碎裂结构的岩体为滑坡的孕育和发生提供了物质基础和结构条件,是滑坡发生的结构性因素;泥质砂岩和泥岩属中等膨胀性岩石,遇水极易软化,加之历史上构造应力的作用,形成层间泥化夹层,泥化夹层含膨胀性粘土矿物蒙脱石和伊利石,是造成滑坡发生的控制性因素。诱发因素主要有两个：一是由于水的作用,坡体岩层间泥化夹层发生软化,降低了力学强度;二是修建公路开挖坡脚进行人工切坡形成有效临空面,坡体具备了临空剪出的条件。随着坡体的蠕动变形,在各种因素的综合作用下,层间剪切带逐渐贯通,最终导致滑坡发生。     

基于三维荧光光谱结合平行因子分析对春季北黄海有色溶解有机物的研究

利用三维荧光光谱(EEMs)结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC),对我国春季北黄海海水样品的荧光光谱进行了研究和分析。结果表明,北黄海有色溶解有机物(CDOM)中的荧光溶解有机物(FDOM)可分为四个组分,其中两组为类腐殖荧光组分c1(260,315/425)和c2(295,355/490),两组为类蛋白荧光组分c3(275/310)和c4(230,290/345)。四个组分之间不同程度的线性相关性说明了它们同源相似性,类腐殖质两组分之间的相关性最高,类蛋白质两组分次之。四个荧光组分和总荧光强度在平面分布和垂直分布都呈现近岸高,远岸低的趋势,同时除去陆源输入影响,海洋自身的水团运动和生物活动也影响着北黄海CDOM的分布。聚类分析进一步说明了北黄海不同区域的总荧光强度分布特征,也体现了整体上CDOM的均一性。荧光指数FI、腐殖化指数HIX和生源指数BIX在一定程度上指示了北黄海CDOM的来源,说明近岸区域陆源的影响较大,而向海一侧则受生物活动的作用影响较大,此结论与前述荧光组分的分布规律吻合。     

Synthesis and Characterization of A Small Molecule CFTR Chloride Channel Inhibitor

A thiazolidinone CFTR inhibitor (CFTRinh-72) was synthesized by a three-step procedure with tri-fluromethylaniline as the starting material. The synthesized CFTR inhibitor was characterized structurally bymeans of ^1H NMR and functionally in a CFTR-expressing cell line FRT/hCFTR/EYFP-H148Q by both fluo-rescent and electrophysiological methods. A large amount(100g) of high-quality small molecule thiazolidi-none CFTR chloride channel inhibitor, CFTRinh-72, can be produced with this simple three-step synthetic pro-cedure. The structure of the final product 2-thioxo-3-(3-trifluromethylphenyl )-5-[4-carboxyphenyl-methylene]-4-thiazolidinone was confirmed by ^1H NMR. The overall yield was 58% with a purity over 99%as analyzed by HPLC. The synthesized CFTRinh-72 specifically inhibited CFTR chloride channel function in acell-based fluorescence assay(Kd≈1.5μmol/L) and in a Ussing chamber-based short-circuit current assay(Kd≈0. 2μmol/L), indicating better quality than that of the commercial combinatorial compound. The syn-thesized inhibitor is nontoxic to cultured cells at a high concentration and to mouse at a high dose. The syn-thetic procedure developed here can be used to produce a large amount of the high-quality CFTRinh-72 suitablefor antidiarrheal studies and for creation of cystic fibrosis models in large animals. The procedure can be usedto synthesize radiolabled CFTRinh-72 for in νiνo pharmacokinetics studies.     

黄河小浪底坝区泥化夹层分布及其抗剪试验方法的分析

在大量地质勘探试验研究资料的基础上 ,分析研究了形成泥化夹层的母岩和地质构造力 ,泥化夹层的类型及其粒度成分以及泥化夹层的分布规律。还分析研究了不同试验方法对泥化夹层抗剪强度的影响 ,并着重分析研究了我院研制的控制膨胀饱和固结慢剪的试验成果。     

Simultaneous determination of ethyl carbamate and 4‐(5‐)methylimidazole in yellow rice wine and soy sauce by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

We developed a new method, based on alkaline diatomite solid‐phase extraction followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, for the simultaneous determination of the toxic contaminants ethyl carbamate (EC) and 4‐(5‐)methylimidazole (4‐MEI) in yellow rice wine and soy sauce. The optimal extraction conditions were defined. With the application of alkaline diatomite solid‐phase extraction, damage to the capillary column by organic acids was greatly reduced. With deuterated EC used as the internal standard, the linearity of the calibration curves for EC and 4‐MEI was good with correlation coefficient above 0.99. In a spiked experiment with EC and 4‐MEI in yellow rice wine and soy sauce, recovery of the added EC was 80.5–102.5% and that of 4‐MEI was 78.3–92.8%. The limit of quantification and limit of detection for EC were 6.0 and 2.0 μg/kg, respectively, and for 4‐MEI were 15.0 and 5.0 μg/kg, respectively. The validation results demonstrate that the method is fast, simple, and selective, and therefore is suitable for simultaneously determining the presence of EC and 4‐MEI in fermented food.